Experimental Investigation of Levee Erosion during Overflow and Infiltration with Varied Hydraulic Conductivities of Levee and Foundation Properties in Saturated Conditions

This study investigated erosion during infiltration and overflow events considered different grain sizes hydraulic conductivity properties; four experimental cases were conducted under saturated conditions. The importance of understanding flow regimes experiments including their distinct characteristics, shear stresses, mechanisms in assessing the potential for levee failure are discussed. mechanism slopes involves progressive collapse due to piping followed by increased liquefaction loss stress, with progression dependent on permeability foundation material strength. illustrate that rate varied based material. In case IO-E7-F5, where had No. 7 sand embankment 5 (lower permeability), was slower limited. It took around 90 min 65% downstream slope fail, allowing more time response measures. On other hand, IO-E8-F4, 8 4 (higher conductivity), rapid extensive. whole failed within just 18 min, extended 75% crest. These findings emphasize need proactive measures strengthen vulnerable sections levees reduce risk extensive failure.